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能力素质模型怎么搭建【高三学生书面表达能力提高之我见】

发布时间:2019-05-30 06:39:34 浏览数:

  【摘要】面表达是高三英语教学及学生们学习的难点。本文从利用多媒体当堂阅学生作文、趁热打铁及时纠正到最后延伸到课堂渗透等三个方面进行阐述,并用自己教学中鲜活的实例来论证,充分说明了作者在英语教学中提高学生作文的详细有效的做法。
  【关键词】错误展示 趁热打铁 课堂渗透
  记得西外的吴耀武教授曾经说过,如果一个学生的作文中出现了基本句子结构的错误,比如:can through, is love等,那么这个学生则一定hopeless,因为这在高中学生的作文写作中属于“灭顶之灾”。这句话对我的触动很大,因为在我所教过的学生中这样的学生太多了,每次月考的作文中,你随便抽出10份卷子,就会有9份里有这样的错误,句子结构无误,要点齐全的作文太少了。之后我就在不断的思考,尝试,并总结出了一些行之有效的办法,下面我就一一作以介绍,供同行们参考。
  1.错误展示法
  在每次月考阅卷工作结束卷子分到各班后,我就对他们的作文进行再次抽阅,从中找出错误比较集中,且具有代表性的作文4到5篇,课前让课代表抄到前后两个黑板上,课堂上我和学生们一起对这些作文进行修改点评。比如2010界高三学生的第三次月考作文是:
  假设你家庭贫困,刚刚考取某所大学,正为上学昂贵的费用发愁,请根据下面提供的解决上大学费用的多种途径,说明适合你的途径和理由。
  ①父母提供学费;②申请银行贷款;③获得奖学金;④业余时间在校内外打工…
  参考词语:学费费用tuition and fees贷款loan奖学金scholarship家教tutor
  注意:字数120字左右,开头语已经写好。
  面是七班王成龙同学写的作文:
  How to Solve the Problem of College Tuition and Fees
  With the sharp rises of the college education cost, students have a few ways to pay for their college tuition and fees. And I am a student like⑴that. So I want to be a tutor⑵in the free time. First I think we should look after⑶our by ourselves. Because we ⑷Havana"t the little children. We can live by ourselves. Second ⑸it should make money ⑹helps us ⑺to learn, and we could ⑻revision the old knowledge. So it is a good way. Third it could ⑼rich ⑽our"s life⑾derisive. And we can make a lot of ⑿fiends. This is my ⒀o pion ⒁in the way to pay for the college tuition and fees.
  (1)指代不明;
  (2)、(7)固定搭配未记准;
  (3)、(10)人称代词使用混乱;
  (4)助动词与系动词概念模糊;
  (5)主语和谓语不搭配;
  (6)对句子结构概念不清;
  (8)、(9)情态动词后到底跟什么还不太清楚;
  (11)、(12)、(13)基本单词拼写错误;
  (14)汉式思维混乱;
  王成龙同学在作文中所犯的这些错误也是班里绝大多数学生在考试中容易出错的地方,其实在平时的作文训练中,由于我给的写作时间往往比考试时的时间多一点,再加上他们也没考试时那么紧张,所以作文中的错误比月考时少得多。但为了让他们吸取教训,每次我还是把他们问题一一的列举出来,让其他学生引以为鉴,如果下次谁再有这样的错误,我就会说你不记得某某的作文了。
  2.趁热打铁法
  当我和学生们一起修改点评完黑板上的四篇作文后,这时候他们自我感觉很好,兴致也很高,很想大展身手,我就趁热打铁,给他们一篇类似体裁的作文让他们当堂写作,针对第三次月考作文,我的练习题目是:
  距离高考剩下不到一年的时间了,紧张的高考备考已经拉开序幕,但是很多同学还不知如何处理学习、健康和休息与高考备考之间的关系。请谈一谈你对这一问题的建议
  注意:字数100字左右,开头语已经写好
  下面还是七班王成龙同学写的作文:
  How to Get Prepared for the College Entrance Exams
  We are going to attend the College Entrance Exams in less than one year. But there are a lot of students do not know deal with the relationship of the learning、health and sleeping. In my opinion, firstly, we should keep the sleeping enough. Because it"s very important for our learning next day. Secondly, we must do a lot of sports and keep healthy. The third is learning. We all want to go to college. So we must learn harder and harder. If we don"t have a good rest , everything is empty. This is my opinion about sleeping、health and learning.   从这篇作文我们可以看到王成龙同学进步不小,虽说整篇文章话说的有些生硬,未能脱离汉式思维,但最起码句子基本结构是正确的,没简单的语法错误,只要以后能加强阅读和背诵,消灭作文中最基本的语法错误是完全可以的。
  3.课堂渗透法
  在平时的教学中,只要涉及到句子结构方面的东西,我都会详细分析。比如:
  2.1 我给他们讲解分析每个模块的单词时,就会根据情况适当的举一些例子,我说汉语,然后叫学生起来翻成英语。
  3.2 在讲资料时,只要遇汉翻英题,我就会叫他们起来用自己的话来翻,一个句子差不多要叫上三到四个学生,看他们有没有不同的翻法,虽说有时翻译的比较牵强,但结构是正确的,并且他们动脑子思考了。比如:
  (1)这位旅客是一位有趣的讲故事者。(必修2第六模块)
  学生1:This tourist is good at telling story.
  学生2:The stories this brassage told were very interesting.
  学生3:The traveler was very humorous when he told stories.
  学生4:The traveler was interested in telling story.
  (2)他的一个新喜剧将要上演。(必修2第六模块)
  学生1:One of his comedies will be put on.
  学生2:One of his comedies is to be on show.
  学生3:One of his comedies is about to be played.
  学生4:One of his comedies is going to be perforated.
  3.3 在讲完型和阅读理解时,只要碰到他们认为难分析的句子,我就会详细讲解。比如:
  Like so many teenagers, I struggled to escape from anything that didn"t agree with my picture of the world.
  (1)Like so many teenagers作状语;
  (2)I作主语;
  (3)Struggled作谓语;
  (4)to escape from目的状语;
  (5)anything that didn"t agree with my picture of the world.作介词from的宾语;
  (6)that didn"t agree with my picture of the world.定语从句,先行词为anything,that作为关系代词代替anything在从句中作主语。
  译文:像其他许多十几岁的青少年一样,我挣扎着想努力摆脱那些与我理想世界有冲突的东西。
  总之,通过这一段时间的训练,我班学生在句子理解方面还是大有长进的。我坚信,只要学生坚持训练,注重积累,就会提高学生的作文能力,以在高考中的作文获得令人满意的成绩。

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